Acute bronchitis in children is an inflammatory condition of the bronchial tubes, often occurring after an upper respiratory tract infection. The inflammation may lead to increased bronchial sensitivity and mucus production.
Causes and Symptoms
The most common cause of acute bronchitis in children is a viral infection, including influenza virus and rhinovirus. The initial symptoms often resemble a common cold, including:
✅ Dry cough
✅ Nasal congestion
✅ Mild fever
As the condition progresses, symptoms may worsen to include:
✅ Cough with phlegm
✅ Fatigue and shortness of breath
✅ Wheezing (whistling sound while breathing)
In young children who swallow mucus, excessive coughing may lead to vomiting.
Treatment
Treatment for acute bronchitis primarily focuses on symptom relief, including:
✅ Drinking plenty of fluids to reduce mucus thickness and ease coughing
✅ Bronchodilators (inhalers) for children experiencing wheezing and a positive response to bronchodilator therapy
✅ Antibiotics only for cases suspected of bacterial infection
Prevention
Prevention measures include:
✅ Practicing good hygiene (frequent handwashing)
✅ Avoiding close contact with sick individuals
✅ Receiving vaccinations, such as the annual flu vaccine
✅ Avoiding exposure to cigarette smoke
With proper care and treatment, children can recover from acute bronchitis quickly while minimizing the risk of complications.
Reference:
Guidelines for the Management of Acute Respiratory Infections in Children (2019).
