Asthma in children is a common condition and a major cause of illness and hospitalization. This disease results from chronic inflammation of the airways, making them more sensitive to triggers. As a result, the airways constrict and become narrow, leading to symptoms such as shortness of breath, difficulty breathing, chest tightness, coughing, or wheezing (a whistling sound while breathing).
Triggers and Symptoms
Asthma symptoms often occur at night or early in the morning and can be triggered by exposure to allergens such as dust, pollen, smoke, pet dander, cold air, respiratory infections (especially viral infections), or physical exercise. Additionally, children with asthma may have other allergies or a family history of allergies or asthma.
Diagnosis
The diagnosis of asthma in children is based on clinical history, physical examination, and lung function tests.
Treatment and Management
Proper asthma management can help control the disease and prevent acute asthma attacks. Treatment typically includes:
✅ Controller medications to manage chronic symptoms
✅ Bronchodilators to relieve acute asthma attacks
✅ Identifying and avoiding allergens
✅ Avoiding exposure to cigarette smoke
✅ Engaging in appropriate physical activity
Parental Education and Regular Monitoring
Educating parents on asthma care and management is crucial to preventing complications and improving the child’s quality of life. Regular health check-ups and monitoring help reduce the risk of severe attacks and ensure better long-term health outcomes.
